ABS is also called acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic, and its appearance is light tooth color and opaque granules.
Good comprehensive properties, impact toughness, high mechanical strength, size stability, chemical resistance, good electrical properties and easy to form and mechanical processing, good fusion with 372 plexiglass, can be made into two-color molding plastic parts, and the surface can be chromium-plated products can be used in - 40 ~ 101 degrees, its bending strength and compressive strength and surface strength Poor heat resistance and low temperature.
Uncertainty material, medium fluidity, molding should take high material temperature, high mold temperature, lower than the decomposition temperature (decomposition temperature > = 250 degrees);
Strong moisture absorption, must be fully dry, the surface of the plastic parts requiring luster must be preheated and dried for a long time. For high precision plastic parts, the mold temperature should be 50-60 degrees, gloss, heat-resistant plastic parts, mold temperature should be 60-80 degrees, material temperature 160-220 degrees, molding cycle 15-60S.
Automobile field: automotive dashboard, body outer panel, interior decorative panel, steering wheel, sound insulation board, door lock, bumper, ventilation pipe and many other components; Electrical appliances: refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, air conditioners, computers, photocopiers and so on; Building materials: ABS pipes, ABS sanitary ware, ABS decorative panels and so on; other aspects: including packaging, furniture, sports and entertainment supplies, machinery and instrumentation industry.
ABS+PC is a modified engineering plastic synthesized after mixing, it is one of the few materials that can be used together. It combines the excellent properties of ABS and PC, such as the molding of ABS material and the mechanical, impact strength and temperature resistance, ultraviolet (UV) resistance and other properties of PC. The ratio of the two will affect the thermal stability of PC/ABS materials.
Can be processed by injection molding and extrusion method. The secondary surface processing and electroplating can be applied as well.
Can be processed by screw forming machinery, forming temperature 230 ~ 260 °C, mold temperature of about 60 ~ 85 °C;
Before molding and processing, the material should be dried in a blast oven at 70~90 °C for more than 5h.
Automotive interior and exterior decoration: instrument panel, column, instrument front cover, grille, interior and exterior trim;
Business equipment enclosures and built-in parts: notebooks/desktop computers, copiers, printers, monitors;
Electrical products: electronic product housings, electric meter housing housings, household switches, plug sockets, cables and wires, telecommunications, mobile phone housings, accessories as well as smart cards (SIM cards), household appliances such as washing machines, hair dryers, microwave ovens inside and outside components.
PC is also known as polycarbonate, it is a transparent, yellowish or white particle with outstanding impact strength, high modulus of elasticity and dimensional stability, good creep and electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, and it is non-toxic and environmentally friendly. However, the wear resistance and the self-moisturizing is not good and not resistant to the alkali, ketones, amines, aromatic hydrocarbons. There is a tendency to stress cracking. It is easy to hydrolyzing under high temperature and has poor solubility with other resins. It has good thermal stability, wide forming temperature range and decomposes at more than 330 °C.
It has small hygroscopicity, but sensitive to water. So it must be dried before processing, otherwise there will be bubbles and strength will significantly reduce;
The shrinkage of molding is small, melt cracking is prone to occur, and stress concentration occurs, so the molding conditions should be strictly controlled when molding, and the plastic parts should be annealed after molding;
The material temperature has a impact on the quality of plastic parts so the material temperature should be controlled between 230-320 °C and the mold temperature between 80-110 °C.
The application and development of polycarbonate is to the direction of high compound, high function, specialization, serialization, has launched a disc, automobile, office equipment, box, packaging, medicine, lighting, film and other products of their own special grade brand, has been widely used in the building materials industry, aerospace field, packaging field of electronic appliances, optical lens field and medical equipment production.
PA is polyamide, commonly known as nylon, the appearance is light yellow to amber transparent. It has excellent mechanical properties, hard, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, oil resistance, water resistance, high crystallization performance. PA has high tensile strength and impact strength at room temperature, but the thermal stability is not good so the product can only be used at 80-100 °C. At present, there are various of PA, of which PA-6, PA-66 and PA-610 are widely used.
Crystalline material, high melting point, narrow melting temperature range, poor thermal stability. It decomposes when material temperature higher than 300 °C and residence time over 30 minutes. It is easy to absorb moisture so it should be reserved at a dry circumstance and the water content must not exceed 0.3%;
Good fluidity, easy to overflow, large shrinkage range and shrinkage rate of molding, obvious directionality, easy to shrink holes, deformation, etc.;
Controlling the mold temperature in the range of 20-90 °C, and the material temperature is between 220-300 °C.
As one of the general plastics, PA is widely used in many fields, including automotive manufacturing parts and their electrical accessories, electrical and electronic and general fields such as medical devices and precision instruments. Moreover, PA monofilament can also be used for surgical sutures, wigs, etc. In addition, it can also be used to make disposable lighter bodies, alkaline dry battery liners, motorcycle drivers' helmets, office machine shells, office chair seats and backrests, skates, fishing lines, etc.
PP, also known as polyoxymethylene, has a milky white waxy appearance. Its specific gravity is small and its strength, steel and heat resistance are better than low-pressure polyethylene. It can be used at around 100 Celsius degrees, with excellent corrosion resistance, good high-frequency insulation. It will not affected by humidity. It has good surface hardness and heat resistance. However, the molding shrinkage rate is large and easy to become brittle at low temperature. It is not wear-resistant and easy to age.
Crystalline material, small hygroscopicity, melt rupture may occur. It is easy to decompose under long-term contact with metal;
Excellent fluidity, but the shrinkage range and shrinkage value are large, prone to shrinkage holes and dents;
The cooling speed is fast so the pouring system and cooling system should dissipate heat slowly;
PP as another excellent resin variety developed after nylon, used in the production of general mechanical parts, corrosion-resistant parts and insulation parts. The main application areas are label printing, including daily cosmetics, shampoo, supermarket freeze labels, electrical labels, etc.; In the automotive industry, PP containing metal additives is mainly used, including fenders, ventilation pipes, fans, etc.
PPS is polyphenylene sulfide with the appearance of white or coffee particles. PPS has good creep resistance, high hardness and excellent wear resistance under load; PPS's mechanical properties are not good but is not sensitive to temperature. PPS as one of the varieties with good heat resistance in engineering plastics, has excellent thermal properties. Its melting point exceeds 280 °C, the heat deflection temperature exceeds 260 °C, the short-term resistance is 260 °C, and can be used for a long time at 200 ~ 240 °C. It has the characteristics of good flame retardancy and good chemical corrosion resistance.
Amorphous material with small moisture absorption but still recommend to stay dry before molding;
The fluidity is between ABS and PC. It has fast coagulation, small shrinkage, easy decomposition. It should be injected with high pressure and high speed;
Correctly control the mold temperature at around 100-150 °C. The main channel should have a large taper with a short flow.
The important applications of PPS are the field of electronic / electrical parts, which are widely used in the manufacture of electromagnetic, electrical, motor, hair dryer nozzle connectors; in the field of precision optoelectronic parts, it can be used to manufacture the skeleton and shell of transformers, choke coils and relays, integrated circuit carriers and trimmer capacitors; in the field of auto parts, it can be used to replace traditional metal materials to meet the performance of high strength, impact, dimensional stability, high temperature resistance, oil resistance and corrosion resistance; in addition, there are special industrial parts and mechanical parts can be applied.
PMMA is polymethacryl methyl ester, also known as Plexiglas. It has excellent transparency, high mechanical strength, good heat resistance, cold and weather resistance, corrosion resistance, good insulation and better comprehensive performance than polystyrene. But brittle, easily soluble in organic solvents. If it is used as a transparent material, its surface hardness is slightly lower, it is easy to rub hair, scratch, notch impact strength bottom, easy to produce stress cracking.
Amorphous material, low moisture absorption, high dimensional stability, not easy to decompose;
Medium fluidity, suitable for high-pressure injection, venting should be considered to prevent the appearance of bubbles and weld lines;
It is suggested to take high material temperature and high mold temperature in order to increase fluidity, reduce internal stress, and improve transparency and strength.
PMMA is suitable for parts that require transparency and certain strength explosion-proof and vibration-proof parts, as well as the manufacture of plastic nameplates, dials, oil labels, oil cups, etc. Besides, it is even used in medicine to make artificial cornea because of its excellent optical properties.
TPU is also known as thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with excellent high tension, high tensile force, toughness and aging resistance. It is a mature environmental protection material which has better strength, toughness, wear and cold resistance, oil and water resistance, aging resistance and weatherproof than other plastics. It also has high waterproof moisture permeability, wind, cold, antibacterial, mildew, warmth, ultraviolet and energy release and many other excellent functions.
The glass transition temperature of the TPU is relatively low, and it still maintains good elasticity, sufficiency and other physical properties at minus 35 Celsius degrees;
It has excellent processability and can be processed using common thermoplastic material processing methods, such as injection and extrusion.
TPU with its excellent mechanical properties, physical properties and environmental properties are widely used in various fields of daily life. It can be molded and processed into automotive parts, mechanical industry parts, pipe hoses, thin film plates, wires and cables, footwear and many other industrial life devices through general thermoplastic material processing methods, and can also be used as various types of shoe inks, screen printing inks, coating paste substrate resins, and the resulting inks have the characteristics of good wear resistance, high toughness, excellent anti-adhesion performance, etc.
TPE, also known as thermoplastic elastomer or thermoplastic rubber (TPR), has the characteristics of environmental protection, non-toxicity and safety, and a wide range of hardness. It has excellent colorability, soft touch, weather resistance, fatigue resistance and temperature resistance, superior processing performance, no vulcanization required and can be recycled to reduce costs. TPE has at least two polymer phases that are dispersed from each other, showing rubber elasticity at room temperature and plasticizing polymer materials at high temperatures.
TPE can be processed by general thermoplastic molding machines, and no special processing equipment is required;
It can be overmolded, coated and bonded with PP, PE, PC, PS, ABS and other matrix materials, or can be individually molded;
The drying treatment must be carried out before processing and the moisture content must be determined, and the moisture content should be less than 5% at high temperatures.
TPE wide adjustable physical properties and hardness lead to its wide. With its environmental protection characteristics, it is widely used in electrical tools, electronic materials, hardware handle handles, luggage accessories, sports equipment, fitness equipment, toy dolls, building materials, auto parts, medical equipment, wire and cable and other fields.
PPA is polyphthalamide, which can be divided into semi-crystalline and amorphous states. PPA in amorphous state is mainly used in occasions where barrier performance is required; Semi-crystalline PPA resin is mainly used for injection molding processing, but also for other melting processes. PPA is not sensitive to moisture; it has thermal performance; it has good creep, fatigue and chemical resistance.
The vast majority of PPA resin is processed by traditional injection molding method, the acceptable humidity level is 0.15% or less. The drying time depends on the amount of water absorbed, generally in the range of 4-16 hours;
The melting temperature during injection molding is in the range of 615-650 °C, and the residence time of the material in the barrel should not exceed 10min;
The correct control of the mold temperature is at least 275 °C, and the mold surface temperature for vacuum metal plating into metal plating mineral packing grade PPA resin requires 350 °C.
PPA's outstanding physical, thermal and electrical properties, especially at moderate cost with excellent chemical resistance, making PPA a candidate for many uses in the automotive industry, tending to be better aerodynamic body designs along with higher performance motors that will increase the temperature of the engine compartment and make traditional thermoplastics appear inadequate. These new requirements make PPA to be one of the material candidates for automotive headlamp reflectors, housings, pulleys, sensor housings, fuel line elements and electrical components.
Silicone rubber is an amorphous substance, insoluble in water or any solvent, non-toxic and tasteless. It is chemically stable and does not react with any substance except strong alkali and hydrofluoric acid. Various models of silica gel form different micro porous structures due to their different manufacturing methods. The chemical composition and physical structure of silicone rubber determine that it has many good characteristics that are difficult to be replaced with similar materials: high adsorption performance, good thermal stability, stable chemical properties, high mechanical strength, etc.
Inorganic silica gel: it is a milky white or transparent solid, often used as a desiccant;
Organic silicone gel: the basic structural unit is composed of silicon - oxygen chain links, the side chain is connected to other various organic groups through silicon atoms, so in the structure of the silicone product contains both "organic groups" and "inorganic structure", this special composition and molecular structure makes it set the characteristics of organic matter and the function of inorganic matter in one, compared with other polymer materials, organic silicone has high temperature resistance, weather resistance, electrical insulation properties and physiological inertness and other excellent physical characteristics.
It has a wide range of applications due to the many excellent properties of silicone. Not only as a special material for aviation, cutting-edge technology, military technology sectors, but also for all sectors of the national economy, its application scope has been expanded to: construction, electronic and electrical, textile, automotive, machinery, leather paper, chemical light industry, metal and paint, medicine and medical treatment.
PVC is polyvinyl chloride, the natural color is slightly yellow translucent, shiny. PVC materials are non-flammable and it has high strength, weather resistance and excellent geometric stability. There are soft and hard PVC. Hard PVC has high mechanical strength, and excellent electrical properties, strong acid and alkali resistance, stable chemical properties with difficulty in the molding and low heat resistance. The properties of soft PVC are lower than those of hard PVC.
Amorphous material, low moisture absorption, poor fluidity. Drying suggested before processing in order to improve the fluidity and prevent bubbles;
It is extremely easy to decompose, especially in contact with steel and copper at high temperatures (decomposition temperature 200 °C). The molding temperature range is small so the material temperature must be strictly controlled;
Correctly control the mold temperature at 30-60 °C and material temperature at 160-190 °C.
General soft products can be extruded into hoses, cables, wires, etc. by extruders; Injection molding can be used to make plastic sandals, soles, slippers, toys, auto parts, etc. After PVC is mixed and plasticized with additives, it can be made into transparent or colored films, or by cutting, heat processing packaging bags, raincoats, tablecloths, curtains, inflatable toys, etc. PVC and additives calendared into a film, and then pressed with the substrate can be used to make artificial leather. When soft PVC mixing, the appropriate amount of foaming agent is added to make a sheet, which is foamed into foam plastic, which can be used as a shockproof cushioning packaging material. In addition, PVC can also be applied to the building materials field such as PVC transparent sheet, PVC sheet and PVC hard profile through more processes.
TPV material, also known as thermoplastic vulcanization, belongs to the group of thermoplastic rubber materials like TPR, TPE, and TPU. It is an invention that has helped to bridge the gap between plastic and rubber. It is a high-performance elastomer with ever-increasing durability (more on that later), lightweight, chemical, temperature, weathering resistance, good flexibility, and decent color ability.
TPV does not need to be vulcanized when used, and can be directly processed and molded by injection, extrusion, calendaring, blow molding, etc., which can shorten the processing process and reduce processing costs;
TPV is easy to process and mold, and can be co-injected or extruded with PP, PC, ABS, PBT, and other materials;
TPV has a characteristic of slight moisture absorption so it should be re-dried before molding, especially before extrusion or blow molding.
TPVs have both rubber and plastic properties, they are easy to weld, reusable, environmentally friendly and non-toxic, therefore, TPV is widely used in the automotive industry, consumer goods, electronic appliances, transportation equipment, building materials and many other fields.
PS is polystyrene, the appearance is colorless and transparent, tough and brittle, glass-like. It is currently an ideal high-frequency insulation material, the light transmittance is second only to Plexiglas with good color ability, water resistance, chemical stability and decent mechanical strength. It is easy to produce stress brittle cracking, and the heat resistance of organic solvents is not high, and the wear resistance is poor.
Amorphous material, brittle and easy to crack, large coefficient of thermal expansion, easy to produce internal stress;
Extremely small water absorption so drying needed before molding. It has good fluidity. It should be paid attention to the mold gap to prevent shrinkage and flash;
High material temperature suggested and high mold temperature mold temperature should be between 30-60 °C, material temperature between 140-200 °C.
PS is widely used in the optical industry due to its good light transmission, which can manufacture optical glass and optical instruments, and can also produce daily necessities such as lampshades and lighting appliances. PS can also be made to a lot of electrical components and instruments working in a high-frequency environment, separately applicable to PS as a product with brittleness. However, adding a small amount of other substances into PS, such as butadiene, can significantly reduce brittleness and improve impact toughness. It is called impact resistance PS, supporting the production of many excellent performance of mechanical parts and components.
POM is polyoxymethylene, the appearance is white or yellowish. It has excellent mechanical properties, rigidity and surface hardness, especially the high modulus of elasticity, which are way better than other plastics. Its impact strength and fatigue strength are outstanding among all of the plastics. Its excellent wear resistance and self-lubrication are the best expect nylon. It is resistant to organic solvents but with large shrinkage rate and poor thermal stability. It is easy to decompose and age.
Low moisture absorption and high shrinkage. No drying required before molding.
Small melting range, low thermal stability, easy to be decomposed, low coefficient of friction and high elasticity. Shallow grooved molds can be demolded directly.
The barrel temperature should be at 160-190 °C, the mold temperature is 90-120 °C, the decomposition temperature is 240 °C, and the mold should be heated
POM is a good engineering plastic because of the hardness, strength and steeliness of similar metals, and its low cost. It is replacing some of the traditional metal occupation of the market and has been widely used in electronic and electrical, machinery, instrumentation, daily light industry, automotive, building materials, agriculture and other fields. In many new areas of application, such as medical technology, sports equipment, POM has also shown a good growth trend.
ASA – Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate is a thermoplastic which has similar properties to ABS but it has higher UV stability and improved thermal, weather, and chemical resistance. ASA has strong resistance to UV, to high temperatures, and to wear and impact. It also has a remarkable resistance to water and chemicals. Another notable thing about ASA is that is has good overall finish, and is soluble in acetone which is important in gluing and smoothing.
Amorphous materials, which can be extruded and injection molded to make products that are extremely resistant to weather influences;
Moderate fluidity, large moisture absorption, must be fully dried before molding;
High material and mold temperature suggested but can not exceed 250 °C which is the limit of decomposition. It is thermal resistance. 60-80 °C mold temperature suggested.
ASA is widely used in automobiles, motorcycles, buildings, outdoor sporting goods, gardening parts, outdoor antenna parts, electronic and electrical products, bathroom products and so on. According to different technical specifications, the current ABA products are mainly divided into three different grades. General grade ASA resin is widely used in outdoor and weathering needs of products; Expelled grade ASA resin for ejecting sheets and fittings is widely used in building materials and auto and motorcycle parts; Heat-resistant grade ASA resin is suitable for products with high temperature requirements, generally used in heat-generating electrical housings, automotive components, such as rearview mirrors, water tank front rails, etc.